Cryptography & Chain Types
Planbok's MPC infrastructure is built on industry-standard cryptographic primitives, ensuring security, interoperability, and long-term extensibility across a wide range of blockchain networks.
Supported Algorithms
The system natively supports the two most prominent elliptic curves used in the blockchain ecosystem:
1. secp256k1 (Koblitz Curve)
Used by the majority of established blockchains for digital signatures and public key cryptography.
- Networks: Ethereum (EVM), Bitcoin, Dogecoin, and many others.
- Implementation: Used for ECDSA (Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm) signatures.
2. ed25519 (Edwards-curve Digital Signature Algorithm)
A high-performance curve known for its security and speed, increasingly popular in modern "next-gen" blockchains.
- Networks: Solana, Near, Substrate (BETA), and Cosmos (BETA).
- Implementation: Used for EdDSA (Edwards-curve Digital Signature Algorithm) signatures.
[!WARNING] Support for Substrate and Cosmos chain types is currently in Beta and disabled for public use while undergoing final testing.
Message Hashing Standards
To ensure that signatures are unique and secure for each specific network, Planbok implements several chain-specific hashing standards:
| Standard | Blockchain | Description |
|---|---|---|
| EIP-191 | Ethereum / EVM | Adds the \x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n prefix to prevent signature replay. |
| BIP-137 | Bitcoin | Uses the Bitcoin Signed Message:\n prefix with VarInt length encoding. |
| ADR-036 | Cosmos | A standard for signing arbitrary data within the Cosmos ecosystem using a specific JSON structure. |
| Solana Message | Solana | Uses a \x19Solana Signed Message:\n prefix and SHA-256 hashing. |
Address Derivation
In the MPC system, the "Master Public Key" generated during the DKG ceremony is the root of all addresses. Planbok transforms this public key into chain-specific formats:
- EVM: Keccak-256 hash of the uncompressed public key, taking the last 20 bytes.
- Bitcoin: Double-hash (SHA-256 then RIPEMD-160) for legacy (P2PKH) or Bech32 (SegWit) encoding.
- Solana/Near: Base58 encoding of the 32-byte Ed25519 public key.
- Substrate (BETA): SS58 encoding with network-specific prefixes (e.g., prefix 0 for Polkadot).
- Cosmos (BETA): Bech32 encoding with chain-specific prefixes (e.g.,
cosmos,osmo,celestia).
Future-Proofing & Extensibility
Planbok’s MPC infrastructure is designed with a modular provider-based architecture. This choice ensures that the system can evolve alongside the rapidly changing blockchain landscape.
Architectural Advantages
- Pluggable Primitives: The MPC nodes separate the core communication protocol from the cryptographic logic. This allows us to add support for new curves (like BLS for Ethereum 2.0 or Stark-friendly curves for ZK-Rollups) without re-engineering the entire system.
- New Signature Schemes: Support for Schnorr signatures (essential for Bitcoin Taproot) or post-quantum safe algorithms can be integrated by deploying new "Signer" modules to the nodes.
- Chain Agnostic: By abstracting the "Builder" logic into the backend API, we can support virtually any new Layer 1 or Layer 2 network by simply implementing its transaction serialization and hashing rules.
This extensible design ensures that Planbok remains at the forefront of wallet infrastructure, capable of supporting the next decade of blockchain innovation.